Mediation, Arbitration, and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) encompass a range of processes designed to resolve conflicts outside of traditional litigation. ADR focuses on achieving fair, efficient, and cost-effective solutions while maintaining confidentiality and preserving business or personal relationships. Mediation emphasizes collaborative negotiation facilitated by a neutral mediator, encouraging parties to reach a mutually acceptable agreement. Arbitration involves the appointment of an impartial arbitrator or panel to render a binding or non-binding decision, often chosen for its flexibility and expertise in the subject matter. Other ADR mechanisms may include negotiation, conciliation, and hybrid models that combine elements of both mediation and arbitration. Together, these approaches provide parties with tailored, efficient, and less adversarial alternatives to court proceedings, fostering a culture of dialogue, cooperation, and sustainable conflict resolution.